Masonry buildings constructed with stone and lime have historically served as vital components of architectural heritage across diverse cultures and regions. The durability, sustainability, and aesthetic qualities of these structures are intrinsically linked to the materials and techniques employed in their construction. However, many of these buildings face challenges posed by environmental factors, seismic activity, and deterioration due to age. This research aims to provide a comprehensive overview of contemporary methods for improving masonry buildings made with stone and lime. It highlights the significance of integrating both traditional and innovative techniques to enhance structural integrity, energy efficiency, and longevity while preserving historical value. The study examines methods such as the use of lime-cement mortars, natural hydraulic lime, and fiber-reinforced composites, as well as advanced analytical techniques for assessing structural performance. Through a synthesis of scientific literature and empirical studies, this work aims to elucidate the multifaceted approaches available for the preservation and enhancement of stone and lime masonry buildings, ultimately contributing to the discourse on sustainable construction practices and heritage conservation. The findings are expected to inform practitioners, researchers, and policymakers engaged in the restoration and rehabilitation of historic masonry, ensuring that these structures continue to endure for future generations.